Best Glaucoma Treatment in Delhi, India

Glaucoma is a disease where the eye pressure becomes high, damaging the nerve fibres that form the optic nerve. This nerve carries the visual information from the eye to the brain. Therefore, any damage to the nerve fibres causes defects in the visual area and results in decreased vision. If not treated in time, this may even lead to blindness.

Normally, an eye has a certain pressure - 11 to 21 mm Hg (like a balloon filled with water), which is required to function healthily. This pressure is created by a fluid called aqueous humour, which continuously forms and drains from the eye throughout life. Any disturbance in maintaining this delicate balance leads to high pressure, which damages the nerve fibres.

There are different types of glaucoma, including:

Open-angle Glaucoma 

This is the most common type. It happens when the drainage canals in your eye get blocked over time, leading to pressure build-up that can harm your optic nerve. Most people don't have symptoms at first, so it can go unnoticed for a long time.

Closed-angle Glaucoma 

This type is rare and usually happens suddenly. It occurs when the space between your iris and cornea is too narrow, blocking the drainage canals in your eye. This can cause intense eye pain and headaches and requires immediate medical attention.

Normal-tension Glaucoma 

In this type, optic nerve damage occurs even when eye pressure is normal or not very high. It's more common in people of Asian descent, and experts aren't sure why it happens.

Congenital Glaucoma 

Some babies are born with drainage canals that don't develop properly in the womb. This type can be noticed at birth or during childhood, and may also be called childhood or paediatric glaucoma.

In some cases, glaucoma can develop without any clear reason, but several factors can influence it. One of the main factors is the pressure inside the eye, known as intraocular eye pressure. Your eyes produce a fluid called aqueous humour, which helps nourish them. This fluid flows through the pupil towards the front of the eye. Normally, it drains out through tiny canals between the iris and cornea.

However, with glaucoma, these drainage canals become more resistant. As a result, the fluid cannot drain properly and accumulates in the eye, increasing the pressure inside. Over time, this elevated pressure can cause damage to the optic nerve, which is vital for vision, leading to glaucoma.

• People have Diabetes
• Spectacle wearers - Myopia / Hypermetropia 
• Steroid users 
• Family history of glaucoma 
• Thyroid diseases
• Other eye diseases, e.g., Uveitis, vitreous haemorrhage, major eye surgery, etc. 
• Eye injury

Signs and symptoms of glaucoma can vary depending on the type and stage of the condition. Common signs and symptoms include:

• Gradual loss of peripheral vision: This is often one of the earliest signs of glaucoma and can progress over time if left untreated.
• Blurred or hazy vision: Individuals with glaucoma may experience difficulty seeing clearly, especially in low-light conditions.
• Increased eye pressure: Elevated pressure within the eye (intraocular pressure) is a major risk factor for glaucoma and can lead to optic nerve damage if not controlled.
• Halos around lights: Some people with glaucoma may perceive halos or circles around lights, particularly at night.
• Eye pain or discomfort: Glaucoma can cause eye pain, redness, or pressure within the eye, especially during acute episodes or when intraocular pressure is significantly elevated.
• Headaches: In some cases, individuals with glaucoma may experience headaches, particularly around the eyes or temples.
• Nausea or vomiting: Severe cases of glaucoma, particularly acute angle-closure glaucoma, can cause symptoms such as nausea and vomiting due to sudden increases in eye pressure.

To diagnose glaucoma effectively, merely recording eye pressure is insufficient. A comprehensive evaluation involving various assessments is necessary to provide a complete understanding of the type and nature of glaucoma. At Max Eye Care, the standard workup for patients suspected of having glaucoma includes:

• Applanation tonometry: This method, known for its accuracy, is used to measure intraocular pressure.
• Ophthalmoscopy: Through this examination, changes in the anterior visible portion of the optic nerve, observed through the pupil, are assessed.
• Gonioscopy: This procedure allows for the detailed examination of the exit channels for eye fluid at the anterior chamber's angle.
• Computerised perimeter or visual fields charting: This sophisticated test is crucial for detecting losses in the visual field corresponding to nerve fibre damage. It provides qualitative and quantitative data, aiding treatment decisions and monitoring disease progression.
• Disc or fundus photographs: These images may be taken to objectively evaluate changes in the optic nerve head and retinal nerve fibre layer. They serve as valuable tools for detailed analysis and comparison over time.

These tests require meticulous analysis to establish baseline treatment and inform future management strategies. Given that glaucoma is a progressive condition, long-term follow-up is essential. Periodic repetitions of these tests are necessary, allowing for comparison with previous reports. If any progression in damage is observed, treatment may be adjusted accordingly.

Untreated glaucoma can lead to permanent vision loss or blindness developing more quickly. Treatments can help slow down further vision loss, but they can't bring back vision that has already been lost. It's important to see an eye care specialist promptly if experiencing eye pain, severe headaches, or vision problems.

Medications 

There are various medications available to treat glaucoma, mostly in the form of prescription eye drops. These eye drops reduce fluids and improve drainage to lower eye pressure. Since glaucoma is a lifelong condition, daily use of these eye drops may be necessary. In some cases, they may need to be applied more than once a day.

A new delivery device for bimatoprost, a glaucoma treatment available as eye drops, has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). This implant, called Durysta®, dissolves slowly and lasts several months. It's inserted into the eye by an eye care provider. However, this implant can only be placed once in each eye.

Laser Therapy 

Laser therapy is another option for treating glaucoma. In this treatment, a strong beam of light (laser) improves fluid drainage from the eye. The eye doctor may recommend laser therapy as a first-line treatment instead of or in addition to eye drops. Although laser treatments can vary in effectiveness, they may sometimes provide long-lasting results. In certain situations, your eye care specialist may suggest repeating some types of laser treatments.

Surgery

The treatment is aimed at keeping eye pressure in the normal range. The normal or “target pressure” differs for any individual, which the eye surgeon decides after studying the reports of all the tests mentioned above. Eye pressure is lowered by eye drops or medicines alone or in combination with a laser procedure.

If the above glaucoma surgery does not control the eye pressure, it is required. The treatment modality is decided by factors like type & stage of glaucoma, damage already done at the time of presentation, response to prior treatment, patient’s ability to take medication regularly, etc.

Max Hospitals is a premier destination for Glaucoma treatments in Delhi, offering unparalleled care for individuals seeking solutions. Here's why Max Hospitals is the preferred choice for Glaucoma:

World-Class Medical Expertise 

At the heart of Max Hospitals lies a dedicated team of highly skilled specialists and ophthalmic professionals specialising in treating Glaucoma. With a remarkable record of successful procedures, they bring extensive knowledge, expertise, and dedication to ensure every patient receives the best possible care.

Comprehensive Patient Care 

Managing Glaucoma involves not only medical treatment but also emotional support. Understanding this, Max Hospitals provides comprehensive care. From initial consultations and wellness programs focused on Glaucoma management to ongoing support post-treatment, patients and their families are embraced by a compassionate and supportive team.

Reputation and Trust

With a legacy in healthcare, Max Hospitals has earned a reputation for successful Glaucoma treatments in Delhi and beyond. Our consistent results and patient-centred approach have garnered the trust of individuals seeking relief from Glaucoma and referring ophthalmologists alike.

Accessibility

Strategically situated, Max Hospitals ensures that top-quality Glaucoma care is easily accessible. With branches in key cities across India, we provide a beacon of hope for countless individuals seeking relief from the challenges of Glaucoma.

Choosing Max Hospitals for Glaucoma means embarking on a journey of hope supported by expertise, advanced technology, and genuine care.

Can glaucoma be cured? 

Glaucoma cannot be cured, but it can be managed effectively with treatment to prevent further vision loss.

What is the most effective treatment for glaucoma? 

The most effective treatment for glaucoma typically involves lowering intraocular pressure to prevent optic nerve damage. This can be achieved through medications, laser therapy, or surgery, depending on the severity of the condition.

Can I live a normal life with glaucoma? 

With proper management and treatment, many people with glaucoma can lead normal lives. However, regular monitoring and adherence to treatment are essential to prevent vision loss.

How can I prevent glaucoma? 

While there is no guaranteed way to prevent glaucoma, you can reduce your risk by maintaining a healthy lifestyle, getting regular eye exams, and avoiding smoking. Early detection and treatment are crucial for managing the condition and preventing vision loss.

What can I expect if I have glaucoma? 

If you have glaucoma, you can expect to undergo regular eye exams and possibly treatment to manage the condition. Your ophthalmologist will monitor your intraocular pressure, optic nerve health, and visual field to prevent further vision loss.

Is glaucoma hereditary? 

Yes, glaucoma can have a hereditary component. If you have a family history of glaucoma, you may be at higher risk of developing the condition and should undergo regular eye exams for early detection.

Can I live a normal life with glaucoma? 

With proper management and treatment, many people with glaucoma can lead normal lives. However, regular monitoring and adherence to treatment are essential to prevent vision loss.

What should glaucoma patients avoid?

Glaucoma patients should avoid activities that increase intraocular pressure, such as heavy lifting, straining, and certain yoga poses. Additionally, they should avoid smoking, which can exacerbate the condition. Regular use of prescribed medications and adherence to treatment plans are also important for managing glaucoma effectively.

Reviewed By Dr Smriti Goel Consultant - Eye Surgery Eye Care / Ophthalmology on 14 Aug 2024.

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