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It is the first step before any surgical procedures or can be used as a single procedure for weight loss surgeries. The sleeve gastrectomy procedure requires the surgeon to create a small stomach sleeve by using a stapling device, while the rest of the stomach is removed. The gastric sleeve surgery procedure gives a feeling of fullness to patients and reduces their hunger, causing weight loss and significant improvements in health.
Gastric sleeve surgery is also called as “Sleeve gastrectomy”. It is performed by removing approximately 80% of the stomach. The remaining stomach resembles like a banana and hence called as “Sleeve”. The new stomach pouch holds smaller volume than normal stomach and reduces the amount of food intake.
Gastric Sleeve Surgery Procedure
Risks Associated with Sleeve Gastric Surgery
- The sleeve gastric surgery may cause a dumping syndrome, which primarily occurs when the food moves quickly through the stomach and intestines. The common symptoms that can occur are sweating, nausea, diarrhea and dizziness. This syndrome occurs due to carbohydrate rich diet; however, this can be easily avoided if one follows small dietary modifications as suggested by the nutritionist.
- Staple line leak – It is best to discuss this with your surgeon
- There are chances of slight weight regain after the gastric sleeve surgery if the patient is non compliant in terms of the diet and exercise regime.
- Long term nutritional deficiencies may be seen in patients who are not compliant with the advised post operative nutritional supplements
Advantages of Sleeve Gastric Surgery
- Sleeve gastrectomy causes favourable changes in gut hormones that suppress hunger, eliminates the portion of the stomach that produces the hunger stimulating hormone (Gherlin).
- It restricts the amount of food the stomach can hold, thus helping in weight loss.
- The procedure is not reversible as one past of the stomach is removed from the body.
- The remaining stomach pouch can dilate on overeating in the longer run.
- Causes favourable changes in gut hormones that suppress hunger by eliminating portion of stomach that produces the hunger stimulating hormone (Gherlin).
- Restricts amount of food the stomach can hold, thus helping in weight loss.
Pre Gastric Sleeve Surgery Instructions
- Restriction of alcohol and tobacco is advised as it helps in pre and post operative period.
- Follow your surgeon’s instructions for any prescribed medications.
- Comply with the instructions provided by your surgeon for any vital tests required before gastric sleeve surgery.
- On the day of surgery, ensure an empty stomach at the start of the procedure to avoid the risk of aspiration.
- Patients are usually admitted one day prior to the surgery after all the pre operative investigations including the pre anaesthesia check has been done and clearance has been sought.
Post Gastric Sleeve Surgery Instructions
- Patients are walking around on the same day of the surgery
- Patients are hospitalized for 3- 4 days and are discharged when their oral intake of fluids reaches 1.5 - 2 liters per day.
- Dressings should be removed during the first follow up that is scheduled on the 7th to 10th day of the surgery.
- Patients can resume their normal activities as and when they feel comfortable. They need to follow and respond to their body language. Infact, the physical activity helps them in early recovery and sense of well being
- Carefully follow the diet instructions provided by your nutritionist.
- Ensure regular follow up with your surgeon.
Points to Remember Before Sleeve Gastric Surgery is Planned
- Patients are usually admitted one day prior to the surgery after all the pre operative investigations including a pre anaesthesia check and clearance has been sought.
- Patients are hospitalized for 3-4 days and their first-follow up appointment is scheduled on 10th day from the surgery when the clips are removed.
- Post-surgery, patients are given a written diet plan for initial few weeks and they are required to be in touch with the nutritionist on a regular basis.
- Patients must eat food in small amounts and chew it well and slowly.
- Follow up is necessary in the first year after surgery as advised by the surgeon and nutritionist.
- The patient is expected to lose on an average 70 % of their excess body weight after a bariatric surgery at a pace of 6- 8 kgs (average) every month.
- Significant improvements are seen in obesity-related medical conditions like type 2 diabetes, hypertension and others and most patients require a medication adjustment which must be done by their physician.
- There is an enhanced quality of life with improved stamina, mood, self esteem and body image.
- Obesity surgery is a life altering surgery and must not be confused with cosmetic procedures like liposuction