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What are Postpartum Periods: Essential Facts & Tips for New Moms

By Dr. Parinita Kalita in Obstetrics And Gynaecology , Robotic Surgery , Gynaecologic Laparoscopy

Jul 31 , 2023 | 4 min read

A woman's life experiences considerable emotional and physical changes during the postpartum phase. The return of the menstrual period following childbirth is one of these changes that many new mothers are concerned about. When will it return? What will be different? What effects does it have on their fertility and general health?

This extensive guide covers everything you need to know about postpartum periods, including their timeline, symptoms, and effective ways to manage them.

What are Postpartum Periods?

The term "postpartum periods" describes the resumption of menstruation following childbirth. However, each woman's experience with these periods can be very different in terms of timing and type, based on things like breastfeeding, hormone fluctuations, and general health.

When do Postpartum Periods Return?

The timing of your period's return is heavily influenced by whether you are breastfeeding or not.

If You’re Breastfeeding

Breastfeeding lowers ovulation and delays the return of periods.
Mothers who exclusively breastfeed may miss their periods for 6 months to a year or more.
Lactational amenorrhoea is a natural method of birth control during the early postpartum period, but it is not always effective.

If You’re not Breastfeeding

Ovulation can happen as early as 25 days postpartum, so if you're not expecting another pregnancy, it's crucial to use contraception.
Non-breastfeeding mothers usually see the return of their periods 6 to 12 weeks following delivery.

What to Expect from Your First Postpartum Period

Your first period after childbirth may be very different from what you had before pregnancy. Here is what you may notice:

Heavier or Lighter Flow

Some women have heavier menstrual periods, while others have lighter flow.

Heavy bleeding may result in tiny clots, but anything larger than a golf ball should be reported to your doctor.

Irregular Cycles

It is normal for periods to be irregular for the first several months while your body adjusts to postpartum hormonal changes.

Increased Cramping

As your body recovers to pre-pregnancy size, cramping may become more acute because of uterine contractions.

Spotting

During the first several months, it is usual to experience light spotting before and after your period.

Breastfeeding Impact

Some mothers have spotted or slight bleeding when they stop breastfeeding or start introducing solid foods to their baby.

Postpartum Bleeding vs. Periods

It's essential to distinguish between postpartum bleeding (lochia) and the resumption of your period.

Lochia

Lasts 4–6 weeks after delivery.
The bleeding starts as bright red and eventually fades to pink, brown, and yellow-white.

First Period

Typically heavier than your normal cycles and linked to distinct PMS symptoms such as bloating, cramping, and mood swings.

What Factors Affect the Return of Postpartum Periods?

Several variables can affect when your periods return.

Breastfeeding Habits: Exclusive breastfeeding can cause delays, although formula addition can result in a faster recovery.
Hormonal Changes: Hormonal changes during pregnancy may have a major impact on menstrual cycle timing.
Health Conditions: Menstrual delays can be caused by thyroid problems or polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).
Mode of Delivery: The time of your period is usually unaffected by whether you had a vaginal delivery or a C-section.

Fertility and Postpartum Periods

Many women are concerned about their fertility after motherhood. Here are the main points:

Ovulation Before Periods: It is possible to ovulate and become pregnant before your first postpartum period; therefore, lactational amenorrhoea should not be your only means of contraception.
Birth Control: Consult your doctor about your options for postpartum birth control, including non-hormonal options if you're lactating.

Managing Postpartum Periods

Dealing with the first few postpartum periods can be difficult. Here are some ideas to make your experience smoother.

Stock Up on Essentials: Heavy-flow sanitary pads or menstrual cups should be kept on hand in case your first period is heavier than normal.
Stay Hydrated: Drinking enough water can help to relieve bloating and cramps.
Pain Relief: To treat cramps, use over-the-counter pain medications such as ibuprofen. If you are breastfeeding, consult with your doctor.
Track Your Cycle: A period-tracking app can help you follow your menstrual cycle and predict your next period.
Rest and Self-Care: Manage stress and get adequate rest to maintain a healthy cycle.

When to See a Doctor

Although postpartum times might vary, you should see your doctor if you experience any of the following symptoms:

Heavy bleeding (soaked pad every hour for several hours).
Large blood clots (bigger than a golf ball).
Experiencing severe discomfort or cramps.
Irregular periods spanning more than six months.
Foul-smelling discharge can indicate an infection.
Absence of menstrual cycles for more than a year after childbirth (if not breastfeeding).

Conclusion

Postpartum periods are a crucial part of your body's recovery after childbirth. While they might bring new obstacles, knowing what to expect and how to handle them can help make the move easier. Whether you are breastfeeding or not, each woman's experience is unique, and there is no "right" timing for your period to return. If you have any concerns, please contact your physician for help. With the proper care and education, you may successfully navigate this stage and focus on the joys of parenthood.